What does the term "feedback" refer to in control systems?

In control systems, "feedback" refers to the process of monitoring the output of a system and using that information to make adjustments in order to achieve the desired performance or behavior. This involves continuously evaluating how closely the actual output aligns with the intended output and making necessary modifications to maintain or improve system performance.

The feedback mechanism allows a control system to self-correct and respond dynamically to changes in the environment or the system itself. For instance, in temperature control systems, a thermostat senses the current temperature (the output) and compares it to the set temperature (the desired output). If there is a difference, the system can adjust the heating or cooling to minimize that difference.

Understanding feedback is crucial because it directly impacts how effectively a control system can achieve its objectives, ensuring stability and responsiveness in various applications.